Trauma is pervasive in clinical counseling practice. While trauma may emerge from exposure to single-incident, or shock trauma, different patterns of distress emerge from exposure to multiple or pervasive forms of trauma, known as developmental trauma. This session will frame trauma as a spectrum and highlight the etiological and conceptual differences between shock and developmental trauma. This interactive session will provide tools and implications for effective treatment. Multicultural and social justice considerations will be integrated throughout the session.